在上一篇日志里,我们了解了 如何从逻辑备份的dumpfile文件里获取DDL脚本? 在本篇里,我们参照 MetaLink文档【ID 462488.1】来了解如何从dumpfile里获取更为详细的头部信息。
所有的dumpfile文件都是包含大小为4KB的头部数据区,该区域记录dumpfile文件的详细信息。从Oracle 10.2.0.1.0开始,可以调用系统包DBMS_DATAPUMP.GET_DUMPFILE_INFO来获取dumpfile的头部信息。
1 参照 MetaLink文档【ID 462488.1】我们可以创建一个SHOW_DUMPFILE_INFO存储过程,通过调用该过程可以获取dumpfile的详细信息,该过程的源代码如下:
CONNECT sys/manager as sysdba;
CREATE PROCEDURE show_dumpfile_info(
p_dir VARCHAR2 DEFAULT 'DATA_PUMP_DIR',
p_file VARCHAR2 DEFAULT 'EXPDAT.DMP')
AS
-- p_dir = directory object where dumpfile can be found
-- p_file = simple filename of export dumpfile (case-sensitive)
v_separator VARCHAR2(80) := '--------------------------------------' ||
'--------------------------------------';
v_path all_directories.directory_path%type := '?';
v_filetype NUMBER; -- 0=unknown 1=expdp 2=exp
v_fileversion VARCHAR2(15); -- 0.1=10gR1 1.1=10gR2 2.1=11g
v_info_table sys.ku$_dumpfile_info; -- PL/SQL table with file info
type valtype IS VARRAY(22) OF VARCHAR2(2048);
var_values valtype := valtype();
no_file_found EXCEPTION;
PRAGMA exception_init(no_file_found, -39211);
BEGIN
-- Show generic info:
-- ==================
dbms_output.put_line(v_separator);
dbms_output.put_line('Purpose..: Obtain details about export ' ||
'dumpfile. Version: 19-MAR-2008');
dbms_output.put_line('Required.: RDBMS version: 10.2.0.1.0 or higher');
dbms_output.put_line('. ' ||
'Export dumpfile version: 7.3.4.0.0 or higher');
dbms_output.put_line('. ' ||
'Export Data Pump dumpfile version: 10.1.0.1.0 or higher');
dbms_output.put_line('Usage....: ' ||
'execute show_dumfile_info(''DIRECTORY'', ''DUMPFILE'');');
dbms_output.put_line('Example..: ' ||
'exec show_dumfile_info(''MY_DIR'', ''expdp_s.dmp'')');
dbms_output.put_line(v_separator);
dbms_output.put_line('Filename.: ' || p_file);
dbms_output.put_line('Directory: ' || p_dir);
-- Retrieve Export dumpfile details:
-- =================================
SELECT directory_path INTO v_path FROM all_directories
WHERE directory_name = p_dir
OR directory_name = UPPER(p_dir);
dbms_datapump.get_dumpfile_info(
filename => p_file, directory => UPPER(p_dir),
info_table => v_info_table, filetype => v_filetype);
var_values.EXTEND(22);
FOR i in 1 .. 22 LOOP
BEGIN
SELECT value INTO var_values(i) FROM TABLE(v_info_table)
WHERE item_code = i;
EXCEPTION WHEN OTHERS THEN var_values(i) := '';
END;
END LOOP;
-- Show dumpfile details:
-- ======================
-- For Oracle10g Release 2 and higher:
-- dbms_datapump.KU$_DFHDR_FILE_VERSION CONSTANT NUMBER := 1;
-- dbms_datapump.KU$_DFHDR_MASTER_PRESENT CONSTANT NUMBER := 2;
-- dbms_datapump.KU$_DFHDR_GUID CONSTANT NUMBER := 3;
-- dbms_datapump.KU$_DFHDR_FILE_NUMBER CONSTANT NUMBER := 4;
-- dbms_datapump.KU$_DFHDR_CHARSET_ID CONSTANT NUMBER := 5;
-- dbms_datapump.KU$_DFHDR_CREATION_DATE CONSTANT NUMBER := 6;
-- dbms_datapump.KU$_DFHDR_FLAGS CONSTANT NUMBER := 7;
-- dbms_datapump.KU$_DFHDR_JOB_NAME CONSTANT NUMBER := 8;
-- dbms_datapump.KU$_DFHDR_PLATFORM CONSTANT NUMBER := 9;
-- dbms_datapump.KU$_DFHDR_INSTANCE CONSTANT NUMBER := 10;
-- dbms_datapump.KU$_DFHDR_LANGUAGE CONSTANT NUMBER := 11;
-- dbms_datapump.KU$_DFHDR_BLOCKSIZE CONSTANT NUMBER := 12;
-- dbms_datapump.KU$_DFHDR_DIRPATH CONSTANT NUMBER := 13;
-- dbms_datapump.KU$_DFHDR_METADATA_COMPRESSED CONSTANT NUMBER := 14;
-- dbms_datapump.KU$_DFHDR_DB_VERSION CONSTANT NUMBER := 15;
-- For Oracle11gR1:
-- dbms_datapump.KU$_DFHDR_MASTER_PIECE_COUNT CONSTANT NUMBER := 16;
-- dbms_datapump.KU$_DFHDR_MASTER_PIECE_NUMBER CONSTANT NUMBER := 17;
-- dbms_datapump.KU$_DFHDR_DATA_COMPRESSED CONSTANT NUMBER := 18;
-- dbms_datapump.KU$_DFHDR_METADATA_ENCRYPTED CONSTANT NUMBER := 19;
-- dbms_datapump.KU$_DFHDR_DATA_ENCRYPTED CONSTANT NUMBER := 20;
-- For Oracle11gR2:
-- dbms_datapump.KU$_DFHDR_COLUMNS_ENCRYPTED CONSTANT NUMBER := 21;
-- dbms_datapump.KU$_DFHDR_ENCPWD_MODE CONSTANT NUMBER := 22;
-- For Oracle10gR2: KU$_DFHDR_MAX_ITEM_CODE CONSTANT NUMBER := 15;
-- For Oracle11gR1: KU$_DFHDR_MAX_ITEM_CODE CONSTANT NUMBER := 20;
-- For Oracle11gR2: KU$_DFHDR_MAX_ITEM_CODE CONSTANT NUMBER := 22;
dbms_output.put_line('Disk Path: ' || v_path);
IF v_filetype = 1 OR v_filetype = 2 THEN
-- Get characterset name:
BEGIN
SELECT var_values(5) || ' (' || nls_charset_name(var_values(5)) ||
')' INTO var_values(5) FROM dual;
EXCEPTION WHEN OTHERS THEN null;
END;
IF v_filetype = 2 THEN
dbms_output.put_line(
'Filetype.: ' || v_filetype || ' (Original Export dumpfile)');
dbms_output.put_line(v_separator);
SELECT DECODE(var_values(13), '0', '0 (Conventional Path)',
'1', '1 (Direct Path)', var_values(13))
INTO var_values(13) FROM dual;
dbms_output.put_line('...Characterset ID.: ' || var_values(5));
dbms_output.put_line('...Direct Path.....: ' || var_values(13));
dbms_output.put_line('...Export Version..: ' || var_values(15));
ELSIF v_filetype = 1 THEN
dbms_output.put_line(
'Filetype.: ' || v_filetype || ' (Export Data Pump dumpfile)');
dbms_output.put_line(v_separator);
SELECT SUBSTR(var_values(1), 1, 15) INTO v_fileversion FROM dual;
SELECT DECODE(var_values(1),
'0.1', '0.1 (Oracle10g Release 1: 10.1.0.x)',
'1.1', '1.1 (Oracle10g Release 2: 10.2.0.x)',
'2.1', '2.1 (Oracle11g Release 1: 11.1.0.x)',
'3.1', '3.1 (Oracle11g Release 2: 11.2.0.x)',
var_values(1)) INTO var_values(1) FROM dual;
SELECT DECODE(var_values(2), '0', '0 (No)', '1', '1 (Yes)',
var_values(2)) INTO var_values(2) FROM dual;
SELECT DECODE(var_values(14), '0', '0 (No)', '1', '1 (Yes)',
var_values(14)) INTO var_values(14) FROM dual;
SELECT DECODE(var_values(18), '0', '0 (No)', '1', '1 (Yes)',
var_values(18)) INTO var_values(18) FROM dual;
SELECT DECODE(var_values(19), '0', '0 (No)', '1', '1 (Yes)',
var_values(19)) INTO var_values(19) FROM dual;
SELECT DECODE(var_values(20), '0', '0 (No)', '1', '1 (Yes)',
var_values(20)) INTO var_values(20) FROM dual;
SELECT DECODE(var_values(21), '0', '0 (No)', '1', '1 (Yes)',
var_values(21)) INTO var_values(21) FROM dual;
SELECT DECODE(var_values(22),
'1', '1 (Unknown)',
'2', '2 (None)',
'3', '3 (Password)',
'4', '4 (Dual)',
'5', '5 (Transparent)',
var_values(22)) INTO var_values(22) FROM dual;
dbms_output.put_line('...File Version....: ' || var_values(1));
dbms_output.put_line('...Master Present..: ' || var_values(2));
dbms_output.put_line('...GUID............: ' || var_values(3));
dbms_output.put_line('...File Number.....: ' || var_values(4));
dbms_output.put_line('...Characterset ID.: ' || var_values(5));
dbms_output.put_line('...Creation Date...: ' || var_values(6));
dbms_output.put_line('...Flags...........: ' || var_values(7));
dbms_output.put_line('...Job Name........: ' || var_values(8));
dbms_output.put_line('...Platform........: ' || var_values(9));
IF v_fileversion >= '2.1' THEN
dbms_output.put_line('...Instance........: ' || var_values(10));
END IF;
dbms_output.put_line('...Language........: ' || var_values(11));
dbms_output.put_line('...Block size......: ' || var_values(12));
dbms_output.put_line('...Metadata Compres: ' || var_values(14));
IF dbms_datapump.KU$_DFHDR_MAX_ITEM_CODE > 15 THEN
dbms_output.put_line('...Data Compressed.: ' || var_values(18));
dbms_output.put_line('...Metadata Encrypt: ' || var_values(19));
dbms_output.put_line('...Data Encrypted..: ' || var_values(20));
dbms_output.put_line('...Column Encrypted: ' || var_values(21));
dbms_output.put_line('...Encrypt.pwd. mod: ' || var_values(22));
IF v_fileversion = '2.1' or v_fileversion = '3.1' THEN
dbms_output.put_line('...Master Piece Cnt: ' || var_values(16));
dbms_output.put_line('...Master Piece Num: ' || var_values(17));
END IF;
END IF;
IF v_fileversion >= '1.1' THEN
dbms_output.put_line('...Job Version.....: ' || var_values(15));
END IF;
dbms_output.put_line('...Max Items Code..: ' ||
dbms_datapump.KU$_DFHDR_MAX_ITEM_CODE);
END IF;
ELSE
dbms_output.put_line('Filetype.: ' || v_filetype);
dbms_output.put_line(v_separator);
dbms_output.put_line('ERROR....: Not an export dumpfile.');
END IF;
dbms_output.put_line(v_separator);
EXCEPTION
WHEN no_data_found THEN
dbms_output.put_line('Disk Path: ?');
dbms_output.put_line('Filetype.: ?');
dbms_output.put_line(v_separator);
dbms_output.put_line('ERROR....: Directory Object does not exist.');
dbms_output.put_line(v_separator);
WHEN no_file_found THEN
dbms_output.put_line('Disk Path: ' || v_path);
dbms_output.put_line('Filetype.: ?');
dbms_output.put_line(v_separator);
dbms_output.put_line('ERROR....: File does not exist.');
dbms_output.put_line(v_separator);
END;
/
2 接下来,我们还以上篇博文里提到的使用EXPDP导出的dumpfile为例,其具体调用方法如下:
SQL> show user;
USER is "SYS"
SQL> select * from dba_directories where directory_name like 'MIG%';
OWNE DIRECTORY_NAME DIRECTORY_PATH
---- --------------- --------------------------------------------------
SYS MIG_DIR /u01/app/oracle/mig_dir
SQL> !ls -l /u01/app/oracle/mig_dir
total 24360
-rw-r----- 1 oracle asmadmin 24797184 Nov 21 17:19 expdp_hr.dmp
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle asmadmin 3299 Nov 21 17:19 expdp_hr.log
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle asmadmin 103892 Nov 21 17:23 hr_ddl.sql
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle asmadmin 1672 Nov 21 17:23 impdp_hr.log
SQL> exec show_dumpfile_info(p_dir=>'mig_dir',p_file=>'expdp_hr.dmp');
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose..: Obtain details about export dumpfile. Version: 19-MAR-2008
Required.: RDBMS version: 10.2.0.1.0 or higher
. Export dumpfile version: 7.3.4.0.0 or higher
. Export Data Pump dumpfile version: 10.1.0.1.0 or higher
Usage....: execute show_dumfile_info('DIRECTORY', 'DUMPFILE');
Example..: exec show_dumfile_info('MY_DIR', 'expdp_s.dmp')
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Filename.: expdp_hr.dmp
Directory: mig_dir
Disk Path: /u01/app/oracle/mig_dir
Filetype.: 1 (Export Data Pump dumpfile)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
...File Version....: 3.1 (Oracle11g Release 2: 11.2.0.x)
...Master Present..: 1 (Yes)
...GUID............: B23C2582426C247EE04010ACBF00579A
...File Number.....: 1
...Characterset ID.: 873 (AL32UTF8)
...Creation Date...: Mon Nov 21 17:19:48 2011
...Flags...........: 2
...Job Name........: "HR"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01"
...Platform........: x86_64/Linux 2.4.xx
...Instance........: rac1.localdomain:devdb1
...Language........: AL32UTF8
...Block size......: 4096
...Metadata Compres: 1 (Yes)
...Data Compressed.: 0 (No)
...Metadata Encrypt: 0 (No)
...Data Encrypted..: 0 (No)
...Column Encrypted: 0 (No)
...Encrypt.pwd. mod: 2 (None)
...Master Piece Cnt: 1
...Master Piece Num: 1
...Job Version.....: 11.02.00.00.00
...Max Items Code..: 22
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL>
可以看到较为详细的信息,其中的Block size 4096表示dumpfile的header为4K。
3 如果,想把该过程的执行权限给普通用户:
GRANT execute ON show_dumpfile_info TO username;
4 如果,想要删除改过程:
DROP PROCEDURE show_dumpfile_info;
5 对于UNIX平台,我们还可以借助操作系统的命令来简单获取一些简单的信息:
rac1-> pwd
/home/oracle
rac1-> ls -l
total 23688
drwxrwxr-x 17 root root 4096 May 26 21:20 12419321
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 15626 Aug 31 14:28 db.rsp
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 24166400 Nov 21 16:51 exp_hr.dmp
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 2493 Nov 21 16:51 exp_hr.log
drwxr-x--- 3 oracle oinstall 4096 Aug 31 15:03 oradiag_oracle
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 28766 Nov 21 17:03 show_ddl.log
rac1-> cat exp_hr.dmp |head|strings
iEXPORT:V11.02.00
RUSERS
8192
Mon Nov 21 16:50:25 2011exp_hr.dmp
#G#G
rac1->
结合,上一篇,我们算是对如何从dumpfile里获取DDL脚本以及如何获取dumpfile的header deatail information有了一个初步认识。希望这两篇文章可以对网友在学习Oracle数据库逻辑备份带去帮助!